<img src="https://publish-01.obsidian.md/access/744ac39d33cabbc297b91373bfcac24d/bin/images/Canada_map.png" alt="Canada" class="page-header-sidebar-image"> Canada has provisions in its legislation relating to the granting of compulsory licences. These can be found in the Patent Act. There are several grounds for issuing a compulsory licence. Government Use (Section 19): - The Commissioner of Patents may authorize the Government of Canada or a provincial government to use a patented invention without the patentee's consent. This can occur when the government applies for such authorization, and the use is subject to terms considered expedient by the Commissioner. The patentee is entitled to remuneration deemed adequate by the Commissioner, considering the economic value of the authorization.   Abuse of Patent Rights (Section 65): - If the exclusive rights under a patent are deemed to be abused, an interested person can apply to the Commissioner for a compulsory license. Abuse may include situations where the demand for the patented article in Canada is not being met to an adequate extent and on reasonable terms, or if the trade or industry in Canada is being unfairly prejudiced. National Emergency or Extreme Urgency (Section 19.1(2)): - In cases of national emergency or extreme urgency, the requirement to seek authorization from the patentee on reasonable commercial terms may be waived. This allows the government to use the patented invention promptly to address the emergency. Public Non-Commercial Use (Section 19.1(2)): - The government may authorize the use of a patented invention for public non-commercial purposes without the patentee's prior consent. This includes uses that primarily benefit the public and are not of a commercial nature.   International Humanitarian Purposes (Sections 21.01 to 21.2): - Canada's Access to Medicines Regime (CAMR) allows for the issuance of compulsory licenses to manufacture and export patented pharmaceutical products to countries with public health problems, especially those lacking sufficient manufacturing capacity. This is in line with the World Trade Organization's decision on the implementation of paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health. More information can be found [here](https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/p-4/ ). ## Compulsory licences Canada has granted compulsory licence for: - [[3TC, NVP, AZT]] Canada has been requested to issue a compulsory licence for [[Ciprofloxacine]] by Apotex Inc.. The compulsory licence has not been issued because a price discount was issued. ## Generic manufacturers Canada has its own generic manufacturer: [APOTEX](https://www.apotex.com/global).