<img src="https://publish-01.obsidian.md/access/744ac39d33cabbc297b91373bfcac24d/bin/images/Russia_map.png" alt="Russia" class="page-header-sidebar-image">
Russia has provisions in its legislation relating to the granting of compulsory licences.
These can be found in the Civil Code (Part IV).
- Non-use or insufficient use of patent
- Under Article 1362, where the patentee has not used the patented invention (or has used it insufficiently) for a “long period” (in practice often > 4 years from grant) and the market lacks adequate supply of the patented goods, an interested party may request a compulsory (non-exclusive) licence.
- The applicant must typically show that they attempted to obtain a voluntary licence under reasonable terms.
- Dependent patent / inability to exploit without infringing
- Under Article 1362, if the owner of a later (“dependent”) patent cannot work their invention without infringing an earlier patent, and the later invention provides a substantial technical advance of considerable economic significance over the earlier one, the later-patent holder may request a compulsory licence to the earlier patent to the extent necessary.
- Public interest / national security / life & health / government use
- Under Article 1360 (and related amendments), the Government may authorise the use of a patented invention without the patentee’s consent in the interests of national defence, security, protection of life and health of citizens, emergencies, and other public interest cases. A decree or decision by government may set this in motion.
More information can be found [here](https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/22547 ).
## Compulsory licences
Russia has granted compulsory licence for:
- [[Remdesivir]]